Method of and apparatus for forming container bodies

ABSTRACT

The open end of a container body is deformed by a die having a passageway connected to a source of air under pressure. As the die approaches the open end, the air under pressure passes through the die and into the container to depress a central container supporting surface with respect to a peripheral positioning surface. At the time the die engages the open end, the peripheral positioning surface has properly guided the container body into alignment with the die. The air under pressure continues to enter the container as the die forms a seal with and deforms the open end in order to prevent collapse of the container body.

United States Patent [191 Kneusel et al.

[ May 28, 1974 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONTAINER BODIES Inventors: Raymond H. P. Kneusel, Flourtown,

Pa.; Vinson S. Potts, Cherry Hill, NJ.

Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa.

Filed: Oct. 30, 1972 Appl. No.: 302,479

Related U.S. ApplicationData Continuation of Ser. No. 82,986, Oct. 22, 1970, abandoned.

Assignee:

US. Cl. 72/57, 113/120 AA, 72/354 Int. Cl 821d 41/04 Field of Search........... 113/1 G, 120 H, 120 M,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 7/1905 Barthelmes 72/58 9/1907 Kohl 5/1908 Lindenborg. 6/1917 1,687,690 10/1928 Petry 72/61 1,711,445 4/1929 Burvenick 72/58 2,175,746 10/1939 Darling ll3/l G 2,407,855 9/1946 Stephens... 72/63 2,495,059 l/1950 Grant 29/421 3,196,819 7/1965 Lechner et al... 113/120 H 3,581,542 6/1971 \Vahler et a1. 72/94 Primary ExaminerRichard J. l-lerbst Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Woodcock, Washburn, Kurtz & Mackiewicz [5 7 ABSTRACT .The open end of a container body is deformed by a die having a passageway connected to a source of air under pressure. As the die approaches the open end, the air under pressure passes through the die and into the container to depress a central container support- 0 ing surface with respect to a peripheral positioning surface. At the time the die engages-the open end, the peripheral positioning surface has properly guided the container body into alignment with the die. The air under pressure continues to enter the container as the die forms a seal with and deforms the open end in order to prevent collapse of the container body.

20 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures PATENTED MAY 2 8 I974 SHEET 1 0F 3 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONTAINER BODIES filed Oct. 22, 1970, now abandoned.

This invention relates to theforming of container bodies, and more particularly, to deforming open ends of container bodies.

Various operations may be performed on the open end of a container body. In some cases,'these operations are adapted to deform the container body to achieve a desired-shapes One such operation is necking-in which reduces the diameter of the container body at the open end to, in effect, form a neck on the container body. Other operations which are performed on the container body at the openend are intended to reshape the container bodyf-to receive a suitable end member. One such operation is flanging which turns the open end of the container-body outwardly in preparation for a suitable operation such asdouble seaming to an end member. Still other operations such as presizing and deburring prepare theopen end of the container body for the .previously'mentioned operations.-

Presently, the operations'of necking-in, flanging, presizing, and deburring are utilized to a very great degree in the beverage or bear can industry. Necking-in has become popular as .a means of reducing the diameter of the can end member-therebyeffectingthe cost savings in the can. Furthermore,.the necking-in permits the cans to be positioned side-by-side with the side wall or one can body being flush with the side wall of the other can body withoutinterference from the chime created by double seaming can, ends to the container body. Of course, flanging is necessary in preparation for the double seaming operation which is utilized for at least one end of thelcan. Pre-sizing and deburring are important to eliminate wrinkling. which might otherwise result during necking-in,

In order to neck-in the open ends of the can bodies as well as the open ends of other containers, a spinning or rolling technique has been utilized heretofore. The spinning or rolling technique involves the use ofa rotating die which engages the open end of the container body and rolls the open end inwardly. In some instances. the die may include revolving rollers which engage the open end asthe die rotates. These prior arts techniques of necking-inby spinning or rolling the open end of a container body have generally been inefficient and slow.

Another technique for necking-in and flanging container bodies has involved the use of a nonrotating deforming die whichengages the open end of the container body. This technique is somewhat difficult to utilize since the container body may collapse under the pressure of the die, particularly necking-in. In the beverage and beer can industry, the likelihood of can collapse is very great due to the emphasis on very thin walls so as to minimize the amount of metal in each can. Furthermore, any slight error inpositioning the container body with respect-to the die further increases the chances of collapse.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is a generalobject of this invention to provide an improved methodof and means for deforming the open end of a container body.

It is one specific object of this invention to prevent collapse of the container body during deformationof the open end. a

It is another specific object of this invention to stabilize and to achieve proper alignment for a container body during deformation of the open end.

It is a further specific object of this invention to achieve the foregoing objects with respect to a beer or beverage can of the drawn, wall-ironed type having an integral can body bottom and very thin can side walls.

In accordance with the-objects of the invention, fluid' under pressure is introduced into the interior of a container body as a deforming die engages an open end of the container body. By maintaining s'ufficient pressure in the interior of the container body through the use of fluid under pressure, collapse of the-container body may be prevented. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, fluid under pressure is introduced through the die means which serves as a plug at the open end of a drawn can with the other end of the can closed by the integral can bottom.

In further accordance with-one object of the invention, the container body is appropriately positioned by the fluid under pressure before the die means engages the open end of the container body. By providing a container body platform having a central supporting surface capable of being depressed with respect to a pe ripheral positioning surface, the fluid under pressure entering the interiorof the container body depresses the central supporting surface thereby permitting the peripheral positioning surface to engage and appropriately position the container body prior to engagement of the open end by the die means. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the peripheral supporting surface is substantially frustoconical so as to conform with a substantially frustoconical surface of the integral bottom in a drawn can.

As shown in one. embodiment, the die means may comprise a necking-in die. In other embodiments, the die means comprisesa flanging die, a pre-sizing die, and/or a deburring die.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an open end 10 ofa container body 12 is being necked-in by a die means 14. An integral bottom 16 of the container body l2 rests upon a platform 18. In accordance with techniques well known in the art, the die means may be mounted on a movable slide 20 of a turret withthe platform 18 being fixed to the turret base 22.

In accordance with one very important aspect of the invention, fluid under pressure is applied to the interior 3 of the container body 12 so as to prevent collapse during the forming or necking-in operation. The fluid which may comprise air is introduced into the container body of the interior by means of a passageway 24 extending axially through the die means 14 which is in turn connected to a source of fluid under pressure including passageway 25 of the slide 20.

In accordance with another important aspect of the invention, the platform 18 comprises a central surface 26 for supporting the container bottom 16 and a container peripheral surface 28 for positioning and stabilizing the container body 12 upon the application of fluid under pressure to the interior of the container body 12.

More specificallyQthe central supporting surface 26 which is spring biased to the position shown in phantom before the introduction of fluid under pressure to the interior of the bottom 12 is depressed to the position shown in full so as to permit the peripheral positioning surface 28 to engage a frustoconical portion 30 of the container bottom 16 as also shown in full. As shown in phantom, thev container body 12 may be off center and inclined with respect to the axis of the punch means 14. However, once the central supporting surface 26 is depressed to the position shown in full, the peripheral positioning surface 28will guide the frustoconical portion 30 to an appropriate position resulting in an upright, stable, and properly positioned container body 12.

The nature of the die means 14 will now be discussed in some detail. As shown, the open end 10 of the container body 12 is received between opposing die surfaces including an outer die surface 32 which converges toward the container body axis, at the open-end 10 and a substantially cylindrical inner die surface 34 which is terminated at a shoulder 36. As shown in FIG. la, the open end l is spaced from the outer die surface 32 as, the fluid under pressure enters the interior of the container body forpurposesof aligning and stabilizing the container body-Then as shown in FIG. la, the open end of the container body 12 rides upwardly along a sealing portion'35 of outer die-surface 32 as the slide moves downwardly toward the bolster 22 making a substantial seal between the die sur- 7 face and the open end l0. Nearer theend of the stroke for the slide 20, the open end 10 is deformed by a deforming portion of the outer die surface 37 as shown in FIG 10. Fluid under pressure continues to be applied to the interior of the container to prevent collapse.

The outer die surface 32 which is part of another die element 38 is held in place on the slide 20 by means of a threaded cap 40. The inner die surface 34 which is part of the inner die element 42 is held in place on the slide 20 by means of a bolt 44 which is received by threads within the slide 20. The bolt 44 is of particular significance since it includes the passageway which passes the fluid under pressure. Since it is important to maintain the pressure of this fluid, a number of seals 46 are provided between the cap 40, the outer die element 38, the inner die element 42, and the bolt 44.

At the platform 18, the central supporting surface 26 is part of a spring biased piston 48 which moves through a limited stroke within a ring 50 providing the peripheralpositioning surface 28. The spring bias for the piston 48 is provided by spring 54 which is located within an annular groove 56 of the piston 48 and an annular groove 58 of a base 60. The path of the piston 48 is limitedto an axial motion by the walls 62 of the ring 50 as well as a bearing surface 64 at a central bolt 66 which engages the bolster 22. Additional bolts 68 are provided to secure the ring 50 to the base 60.

At the bottom of the stroke for the piston 48, the spring 58 will be compressed with some space remaining between the bottom of the piston 48 and the top of the base in the vicinity of the groove 58 and 56. Prior to the application of fluid under pressure to the interior of the container body or after such application, the piston element 48 will rise to the position shown in phantom due to the bias provided by the spring 54. The piston 48 will be prevented from further rising by cars 70 and 72 on the piston 48 and the ring 50 respectively.

The pressure of the fluid to be applied to the interior of the container will vary depending upon the pressure needed to prevent collapse of the containerand appropriately position and stabilize the container on the platform 18. For the particular container shown which comprises a drawn, wall-ironed can having very thin walls a pressure of 60 to PSI has been found desirable. In particular, it has been found that such a'pressure will prevent collapse of the very thin walls in such .a can. This particular can is described insubstantial detail in copending application Ser. No. 57,124 tiled July 22, 1970.

The details of the bottom 16 including the near 40 angle of the frustoconical surface 30 with respect to the axis of the container 12 is also described in detial. For such a frustoconical configuration, it is desirable to provide a conforming configuration for the peripheral positioning surface 28 also. Of course, the central panel 26 must be sufficiently small to allow the peripheral positioning surface 28 to providethe positioning function. In this connection, it is noted that as the area for diameter of the surface is substantially the same diameter as the bead 74 of the container bottom 16. In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a yoke for the container body l2,to prevent the container from falling off the relatively small supporting surface 26. V

In FIG. 2, a flanging die has been partially shown as comprising a flanging die element 142 located within a ring 144. The die element 142 includes an interior die surface which diverges outwardly in the area of engagement with the open end 10 of the container body which has been shown in phantom. The open-end 10 which is flared outwardly reaches the point adjacent ashoulder 148 of the ring 144 at the bottom of the stroke for the flanging die 140. In this connection, it should be understood that the tlanging die means 140 may be mounted on a ram such as that shown in FIG. 1.

Also as shown in FIG. 2, fluid under pressure may be applied through a suitable passageway in the interior of the die element 142 not shown. For example, elements such as the bolt 44 may be utilized in the opening 150 of the die element 142 so as to provide air or another suitable fluid under pressure to the interior of the container body 12 prior to and/or during the flanging operations to prevent the collapse of the container body 12 and/or properly positioning the container body 12.

As shown in FIG. 3, a deburring operation is performed by a die means 214. In the interest of simplicity and clarity in description, those elements of the die means 214 which are substantially identical with the die means 14 will carry the same reference character preceded by the number 2. The primary difference between the die means 214 and the die means 14 resides in the outer die surface 232. Rather than provide an inwardly tapering die surface above the sealing portion 235, a substantially cylindrical surface 237 is provided which defines a substantially cylindrical opening in combination with the inner die surface 234. This opening has a width in substantial conformance with the open end below any burr to removed. FIGS. 3a & 3b show a portion of the container body 12 before and after removal of an outside burr B respectively. The same dies 238 and 242 may be used to remove an inside burr.

As the slide 220 descends to the position on the container body 12 shown in FIG. 3, a fluid such as'air under a pressure. of 60 to 80 PSI is introduced into the interior of the container body 12 to prevent container body collapse. Once the open end 10 reaches the shoulder 236, and the burr B is removed, the slide 220 begins to rise while the pressure of 60 to 80 PSI is maintained on the interior of the container body 12. This pressure may then be used to eject the body 12 once the bottom 16 rises above a platform not shown; L;

The foregoing embodiments of the invention may be combined in the system of FIG. 4. The container bodies 12 enter the system on an infeed conveyor 300. Initially, the open ends 10 of the bodies 12 are presized at a turret 302 including a plurality of positions 304. Each of the positions 304 include a slide carrying presizing die or a flanging die such as thatshown in FIG. 3. The bodies 12 are then advanced to a first necking turret 306 by a transfer turret 308. The positions 310 of the necking turret 306 include a slide 20 carrying the die 14 and a platform 18 shown in FIG. 3. After the first necking-in operation is completed, the bodies 12 advance through another transfer turret 312 to a second necking turret 314. The second necking turret includes dies at stations 316 of slightly smaller diameter than the dies of the turret 306. By performing the necking-in in two operations, the necking-in is performed gradually so as to reduce the chances of fracturing of collapsing the container bodies 12. Finally, a flanging turret 318 having die elements as shown in FIG. 2 at various positions 320 is provided, which receives the bodies 12 from a transfer turret 322. An outfeed conveyor 324 removes the bodies 12 from the flanging turret 312.

Although a drawn container body having a closed end in the form of an integral bottom is disclosed, the container body need not be of thistype. For example, the closed end may be provided by a double seamed end or other suitablemeans.

It will be understood that a suitable source of fluid under pressure may be provided as will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art along with suitable means for controlling the application of fluid to the interior of the container body.

Although particular embodiments of the invention have been shown, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed:

1. Apparatus for deforming the open end of a container body having side walls and a closed end comprising:

a source of fluid under pressure;

a deforming die means for deforming the open end of said container including means for applying said fluid from said source to the interior of said container through said open end before and during deformation of said open end for purposes of positioning and preventing collapse of said container y;

a platform means opposite said die means for supporting said container at said closed end including a supporting surface and a positioning surface, said container resting on said supporting surface before the application of said fluid under pressure, said supporting surface being depressed with respect to said positioning surface during the application of said fluid under pressure to the interior of said container and permitting said container to be guided by said positioning surface; and

a means for moving said die means relative to said platform means to engage the open end of said container body by said deforming die means after said container has been engaged and appropriately positioned by said positioning surface.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said positioning surface is located at the periphery of said supporting surface.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said positioning surface conforms with shape of said container body at said closed end.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said die means comprises a necking-in die having an outer die surface converging inwardly toward and an inner die surface,

' said outer die surface engaging the outer side wall of said container body and said inner die surface engaging the inner side wall of said container body, said outer side wall forming a seal with said body at the open end during deformation.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said die means comprises a flanging die having an inner die surface converging outwardly toward the axis of the container body and an outer die surface, said inner die surface engaging the exterior side wall and said outer die surface engaging the exterior side wall so as to form a seal with said container body at the open end during deformation.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said die means comprises a presizing die having a substantially cylindrical outer die surface and a substantially cylindrical inner die surface.

.- 7. Amethod of forming the open endof a drawn can body comprising the steps of:'

forming a seal between the open end of the can body and a die;

applying fluid under pressure to the interior of the can body;

deforming the open end of said container body with said die element while said fluid under pressure prevents collapse of said can body;

supporting said can body on a supporting surface;

applying fluid under pressure to the interior of said can body prior to engagement of the open end of said can body by said die element;

depressing said supporting surface and said can body upon application of said fluid under pressure to the interior of said can body; and

engaging said can body at the bottom thereof with a positioning surface as said supporting surface is depressed so as to properly position the open end of said container body before engagement by said die.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the pressure of the fluid applied to the interior of the container body exceeds from 60 to PSI.

- 7 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of deforming comprises a necking-in of the open endvof said cam body.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of deforming comprises an outward flanging of the open end of said can body.

11. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of de forming comprises a presizing of the open end of said can body.

12. The method of claim 8 wherein the presizing comprises deburring.

13. A system for forming the open end of a container body in a plurality of operations at a pluralityof apparatuses respectively, each of said apparatuses comprismg:

a die means for deforming the open end of a container body, said die means including inner and outer die surfaces for receiving 'said open end of said container body, at least one of said surfaces including a sealing portion having a diameter substantially conforming with the undeformed diameter of said container body so as to form a seal with said openend of said container before deformation thereof, said sealing portion extending a substantial distance parallel with the axis of the container means for moving said die means through a stroke bringing said die means into engagement with the open end of said container body; and means for applying fluid under pressure to the interior of said container body while said sealing portion is in contact with said open end creating a substantial fluid pressure on the interior of said container body before applying any substantial deforming force parallel to the axis-of said container so as to prevent collapseof said container body during deformation.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein the other of said die'surfaces of said die means in one of said-apparatuses for performing one operation is radially outwardly spaced from said one die surface in said one of said apparatuses so as to receive said open end therebetween. said other die surface in said one of said apparatuses converging inwardly toward the axis of the container so as to neck-in the open end of said container body at the open end of said container body.

' 15. The system of claim 14 wherein said one die surface of said die means in another of said apparatuses for performing another operation is radially inwardly spaced from the other die surface in said other of said apparatuses so as to receive said open end therebetween. said one die surface in said other of said apparatuses diverging outwardly from said axis of said container body so as to outwardly flange the open end of said container body.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein said one die surface of said die means in yet another of said apparatuses for performing yet another operation is substan- 8 tially cylindrical and radially spaced from said other die surface in said yet another of said apparatuses for deburring the open end of said container body.

17. The system of claim 13 wherein said means for applying fluid under pressure applies said fluid before said die means engages said open end of said container body.

18. A system for forming the open end of a container body comprising:

a die means for deforming the open end of a container body, said die means inciuding inner and outer die surfaces for receiving said open end of said container body, at ieast one of said surfaces including a sealing portion having a diameter substantially-conforming with the undeformed diameter of said container body so as to form a seal with said open end of said container body before deformation thereof, said sealing portion extending a substantial distance parallel with the axis of the container body; means for moving said die means through a stroke bringing said die means into engagement with the open end of said container body; and means for applying said fluid under pressure to the interior of said container body while said sealing portion is in contact with said open end creating a substantial fluid pressure on the interior of said container body before applying any substantial deforming force parallel to the axis of said container so as to prevent collapse of said container body during deformation. i v 19. The system of claim 18 wherein said means for applying fluid under pressure applies said fluid before said die means engages said open end of said container body. i

20. A system for forming the open end of a container body comprising:

die meanshaving at least one die surface for deforming the open end of a container body, said die surface including a substantially cylindrical sealing portion having a diameter substantially similar to the diameter of the undeformed open end of the container body and a deforming flared portion; means for moving said die means through a stroke relative to said container body so as to bring said cylindrical sealing portion into sealing engagement with the open end of said container body thereby forming a substantially fluid-tight seal between said cylindrical sealing portion and the open end of said container body before engagement by said deforming flared portion; and means for applying fluid under pressure to the interior of said container body before said open end of said container body is engaged by said deforming flared portion so as to prevent collapse of said container body during deformation.

@ 33" UNmcp s'rA'n-zs PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICA'LE OF CQR'RECTION Patent No. 3'812'696 .Datcd M y 28, 1974 Invent-(8) RAYMOND H. P. KNEUSEL VINSON s. PoTTs It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that: said Letters Patent; are hereby corrected as shown below Column 6, clairri 5, line 36, "exterior" should read -interior--.

- Column 7, claim -9, line- 2, "cam" should read -can-' Signed and sealed this 17th day of June 1.9775

(SEAL) Attest:

C. MARSHALL DANN RUTH C. MASON Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer and Trademarks 

1. Apparatus for deforming the open end of a container body having side walls and a closed end comprising: a source of fluid under pressure; a deforming die means for deforming the open end of said container including means for applying said fluid from said source to the interior of said container through said open end before and during deformation of said open end for purposes of positioning and preventing collapse of said container body; a platform means opposite said die means for supporting said container at said closed end including a supporting surface and a positioning surface, said container resting on said supporting surface before the application of said fluid under pressure, said supporting surface being depressed with respect to said positioning surface during the application of said fluid under pressure to the interior of said container and permitting said container to be guided by said positioning surface; and a means for moving said die means relative to said platform means to engage the open end of said container body by said deforming die means after said container has been engaged and appropriately positioned by said positioning surface.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said positioning surface is located at the periphery of said supporting surface.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said positioning surface conforms with shape of said container body at said closed end.
 4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said die means comprises a necking-in die having an outer die surface converging inwardly toward and an inner die surface, said outer die surface engaging the outer side wall of said container body and said inner die surface engaging the inner side wall of said container body, said outer side wall forming a seal with said body at the open end during deformation.
 5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said die means comprises a flanging die having an inner die surface converging outwardly toward the axis of the container body and an outer die surface, said inner die surface engaging the exterior side wall and said outer die surface engaging the exterior side wall so as to form a seal with said container body at the open end during deformation.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said die means comprises a presizing die having a substantially cylindrical outer die surface and a substantially cylindrical inner die surface.
 7. A method of forming the open end of a drawn can body comprising the steps of: forming a seal between the open end of the can body and a die; applying fluid under pressure to the interior of the can body; deforming the open end of said container body with said die element while said fluid under pressure prevents collapse of said can body; supporting said can body on a supporting surface; applying fluid under pressure to the interior of said can body prior to engagement of the open end of said can body by said die element; depressing said supporting surface and said can body upon application of said fluid under pressure to the interior of said can body; and engaging said can body at the bottom thereof with a positioning surface as said supporting surface is depressed so as to properly position the open end of said container body before engagement by said die.
 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the pressure of the fluid applied to the interior of the container body exceeds from 60 to 80 PSI.
 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of deforming comprises a necking-in of the open end of said cam body.
 10. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of deforming comprises an outward flanging of the open end of said can body.
 11. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of deforming comprises a presizing of the open end of said can body.
 12. The method of claim 8 wherein the presizing comprises deburring.
 13. A system for forming the open end of a container body in a plurality of operations at a plurality of apparatuses respectively, each of said apparatuses comprising: a die means for deforming the open end of a container body, said die means including inner and outer die surfaces for receiving said open end of said container body, at least one of said surfaces including a sealing portion having a diameter substantially conforming with the undeformed diameter of said container body so as to form a seal with said open end of said container before deformation thereof, said sealing portion extending a substantial distance parallel with the axis of the container body; means for moving said die means through a stroke bringing said die means into engagement with the open end of said container body; and means for applying fluid under pressure to the interior of said container body while said sealing portion is in contact with said open end creating a substantial fluid pressure on the interior of said container body before applying any substantial deforming force parallel to the axis of said container so as to prevent collapse of said container body during deformation.
 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the other of said die surfaces of said die means in one of said apparatuses for performing one operation is radially outwardly spaced from said one die surface in said one of said apparatuses so as to receive said open end therebetween, said other die surface in said one of said apparatuses converging inwardly toward the axis of the container so as to neck-in the open end of said container body at the open end of said container body.
 15. The system of claim 14 wherein said one die surface of said die means in another of said apparatuses for performing another operation is radially inwardly spaced from the other dIe surface in said other of said apparatuses so as to receive said open end therebetween, said one die surface in said other of said apparatuses diverging outwardly from said axis of said container body so as to outwardly flange the open end of said container body.
 16. The system of claim 15 wherein said one die surface of said die means in yet another of said apparatuses for performing yet another operation is substantially cylindrical and radially spaced from said other die surface in said yet another of said apparatuses for deburring the open end of said container body.
 17. The system of claim 13 wherein said means for applying fluid under pressure applies said fluid before said die means engages said open end of said container body.
 18. A system for forming the open end of a container body comprising: a die means for deforming the open end of a container body, said die means including inner and outer die surfaces for receiving said open end of said container body, at least one of said surfaces including a sealing portion having a diameter substantially conforming with the undeformed diameter of said container body so as to form a seal with said open end of said container body before deformation thereof, said sealing portion extending a substantial distance parallel with the axis of the container body; means for moving said die means through a stroke bringing said die means into engagement with the open end of said container body; and means for applying said fluid under pressure to the interior of said container body while said sealing portion is in contact with said open end creating a substantial fluid pressure on the interior of said container body before applying any substantial deforming force parallel to the axis of said container so as to prevent collapse of said container body during deformation.
 19. The system of claim 18 wherein said means for applying fluid under pressure applies said fluid before said die means engages said open end of said container body.
 20. A system for forming the open end of a container body comprising: die means having at least one die surface for deforming the open end of a container body, said die surface including a substantially cylindrical sealing portion having a diameter substantially similar to the diameter of the undeformed open end of the container body and a deforming flared portion; means for moving said die means through a stroke relative to said container body so as to bring said cylindrical sealing portion into sealing engagement with the open end of said container body thereby forming a substantially fluid-tight seal between said cylindrical sealing portion and the open end of said container body before engagement by said deforming flared portion; and means for applying fluid under pressure to the interior of said container body before said open end of said container body is engaged by said deforming flared portion so as to prevent collapse of said container body during deformation. 